Zvinyorwa zvezvikamu zvikuru zveValve chinofanira kutanga cherekedza zvivakwa zvepanyama (tembiricha, kumanikidzwa) uye zvemakemikari zvivakwa (kupora) kwesvikiro yekushanda. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodiwawo kuti uzive kuchena kwesvikiro (kungave zvidimbu zvakasimba). Mukuwedzera, mitemo yakakodzera uye zvinodiwa zvemadhipatimendi ehurumende uye mushandirwi zvichanzi zvakare.
Mhando dzakawanda dzezvishandiso dzinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvebasa remavhiri mumamiriro akasiyana siyana ekushanda. Nekudaro, hupenyu hwehupfumi hwakawanda uye kuita kwakanaka kwevharuvhu kunogona kuwanikwa nekusarudzwa kwakaringana uye zvine musoro kwezvinhu zvekuvhara.
Zvinyorwa zvakajairika zvemuviri wevhu
1. Grey cast iron mavharuvhu anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda dzakasiyana-siyana yeindasitiri nekuda kwemutengo wavo wakaderera uye huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa. Ivo vanowanzoshandiswa mune yemvura, steam, mafuta uye gasi svikiro, kudhinda uye kuchema, zvigadzirwa zvezvigadzirwa zvezvimwewo zvisina kugadzirwa kana zvisina basa pakusvibiswa nesimbi.
Izvo zvinoshanda kune yakaderera kudzvinyirira mavharuvhu pamwe nekuenda tembiricha ye - 15 ~ 200】 uye kudzvinyirira kwePN ≤ 1.6mpa.
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Midhiya inoshanda imvura, mvura yegungwa, gasi, Ammonia, nezvimwe.
3 Iyo flake graphite muGrey yakakanda simbi inotsiviwa neiyo nodular graphite kana graphlar graphite. Shanduko yemukati yemukati yesimbi iyi inoita kuti zvimedu zvimedu zvive nani pane zvakajairwa grey cyra simbi, uye haakanganisi zvimwe zvivakwa. Naizvozvo, mavharuvhu akagadzirwa nesimbi yesimbi ine yakakwira basa rekumanikidza kupfuura izvo zvakagadzirwa nesimbi grey. Izvo zvinoshanda kusvika pakati uye zvakaderera miviri yekumanikidza ine tembiricha yekushanda ye - 30 ~ 30】 uye kudzvanywa kwePN ≤ 4.0mpa.
Inoshanda svikiro imvura, mvura yegungwa, steam, mhepo, gasi, mafuta, nezvimwe.
4. Carbon Simbi (WCB, WCB, WCB) yakatanga kukudziridzwa yakakandwa simbi kuti isangane zvido zveavo vanokanda mavharuve esimbi nendarira. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuita kwakanaka kuita carbon masimbi mavharuvhu uye kusimba kwavo kushushikana kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera, kuwanda kwekushandiswa kwapera, kazhinji kusanganisira mamiriro ekushanda ekukanda mavharuvhu yesimbi uye mavharuvhu vendarira.
Inoshanda kusvika pakati uye yakakwirira kumanikidza mavheti ane tembiricha yekushandisa ye - 29 ~ 425 ℃. Tembiricha ye 16mn uye 30mn iri pakati - 40 ~ 400 ℃, inowanzoshandiswa kutsiva astm a105. Inoshanda svikiro rinowiswa steam uye rakakurudzirwa steam. Yakakwirira uye yakaderera tembiricha zvigadzirwa, yakaderera gasi, mhepo yakamanikidzwa, mvura, gasi rechisikigo, nezvimwe.
5. Kuderera tembiricha simbi (LCB) yakadzika tembiricha carbon uye yakaderera Nickel Alloy inogona kushandiswa mune tembiricha pazasi zero, asi haigone kuwedzerwa kune iyo cryogenic nharaunda. Makavha akagadzirwa nezvinhu izvi zvakakodzera munhau inotevera, senge sewater, kabhoni diamoni, acetylene, procylene uye ethylene.
Izvo zvinoshanda kune vakaderera-tembiricha matsvina ane tembiricha yekushandisa pakati - 46 ~ 345 ℃.
6. Mavara akagadzirwa neakaderera Alloy Steel (WC6, WC9) uye yakaderera Alloy Simbi Simbi uye mhepo. Iko kushandira tembiricha yeCarbon Steel Valve inogona kuve 500 ℃, uye iyo yakaderera Alloy Simbi yeValve inogona kunge iri pamusoro mazana matanhatu ℃. Pakupisa kwakanyanya, zvimiro zvekushandisa zvemhando yepamusoro simbi yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yekarbon simbi.
Tembiricha yakakwira uye yakakwirira yekumanikidza mavharuvhu anoshanda kune isiri iyo yekukosheswa pakati nepakati yekushisa tembiricha pakati - 29 ~ 595 ℃; C5 uye C12 inoshanda kune yakakwirira-tembiricha uye yakakwirira-yekumanikidza mavharuvhu kune inokanganisa midhiya nekushisa tembiricha pakati - 29 ne 650 ℃.
7. Austenitic Stainless Steels Austenitic Stainless Steels ine 18% chromium uye 8% nickel. 18-8 Austenitic Stainless Simbi inowanzoshandiswa seValve Muviri uye Bonnet Zvinyorwa pasi peMusoro uye Akaderera Tembiricha uye Akasimba Mamiriro ezvinhu. Kuwedzera Molybdenum kusvika 18-8 Stainless Steel Matrix uye zvishoma kuwedzera Nickel Zvemukati kuchawedzera zvakanyanya kupesana kwayo. Mavhesi akagadzirwa neiyi simbi anogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemakemikari, akadai seiko kuburitsa acetic acid, nitric acid, chibereko, carbonic acid, mimwe michero uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari.
Kuti ushandise kune yakakwira tembiricha yekudziya uye nekuwedzera shanduko yekuumbwa kwezvinhu, Niobium inowedzerwa kune iyo simbi isina tsvina, iyo inozivikanwa se 18-10-nb. Tembiricha inogona kuve 800 ℃.
Simbi yeAustenless is Standless inowanzo shandiswa pakudziya kwakaderera uye hakuzove brittle, saka mharavha dzakagadzirwa nezvinhu izvi (senge 18-8 uye 18-10MO memo zvakanyatsoita zvekushambadzira kwakaderera. Semuenzaniso, inotakura gasi remvura, senge gasi rechisikigo, biogas, oksijeni uye nitrogen.
Izvo zvinoshanda kumikavha neyekukakavara pakati nekuita tembiricha pakati - 196 ~ 600 ℃. Austenitic Stainless Simbi iri zvakare yakanakira kudziya tembiricha tembly.
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8. Plastics uye ceramics pane zvese zvisiri-messacic zvinhu. Chinhu chikuru chezvematangi asiri ezvematangi ezvematongerwo enyika simba risina simba kuramba, uye kunyange kuve nezvakanakira izvo mavhavha emasimbi ekunyama haagone. Izvo zvinowanzoshanda kune zvezvekudzvinyirira nezita rekudzvinyirira PN ≤ 1.6mpa uye tembiricha isina kuderera Zvinyorwa zvezvikamu zvikuru zveValve chinofanira kutanga cherekedza zvivakwa zvepanyama (tembiricha, kumanikidzwa) uye zvemakemikari zvivakwa (kupora) kwesvikiro yekushanda. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodiwawo kuti uzive kuchena kwesvikiro (kungave zvidimbu zvakasimba). Mukuwedzera, mitemo yakakodzera uye zvinodiwa zvemadhipatimendi ehurumende uye mushandirwi zvichanzi zvakare.
Mhando dzakawanda dzezvishandiso dzinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvebasa remavhiri mumamiriro akasiyana siyana ekushanda. Nekudaro, hupenyu hwehupfumi hwakawanda uye kuita kwakanaka kwevharuvhu kunogona kuwanikwa nekusarudzwa kwakaringana uye zvine musoro kwezvinhu zvekuvhara.
Kutumira Nguva: Kukadzi-28-2023